ECT in Africa: New Review

Out on PubMed, from authors in Uganda and Canada, is this review:

The electro-convulsive therapy story of Africa, a systematic review.

Abaatyo J, Kaggwa MM.Discov Ment Health. 2024 Sep 9;4(1):31. doi: 10.1007/s44192-024-00085-2.PMID: 39251508 Review


The abstract is copied below:


Over the years, the use of Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has gained increasing acceptance as a viable treatment for managing treatment-resistant mental health conditions, and it is known to deliver more rapid therapeutic benefits than most treatment modalities in psychiatry. However, the practice of ECT exhibits significant variability both within and between countries. This review aimed to shed light on the status of ECT in the African context and its implications for mental health care in the region. In July 2023, databases (Ovid, PubMed, Web of Science, etc.) were searched for articles about ECT in Africa, following the PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies reporting ECT practices in Africa and those about knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions were excluded. A total of 25 articles met the study criteria. The reviewed studies revealed that unmodified ECT continues to be used in some African countries due to resource limitations, while bilateral ECT is widely practiced across the continent. The primary diagnostic indications for ECT in Africa included severe depression and affective disorders. ECT usage and regulation vary significantly throughout Africa. The studies, primarily observational, detailed numerous challenges in employing the method, particularly concerning resource utilization in healthcare facilities. The review highlights the necessity for adaptable standards and local protocols to enhance ECT practices throughout Africa. It emphasizes the importance of conducting more evidence-based research to develop region-specific guidelines that ensure the safe and effective use of ECT. Policymakers and healthcare practitioners should prioritize resource allocation, training, and standardization to improve ECT delivery and outcomes on the continent.

Keywords: Africa; ECT; Electroconvulsive therapy; Review.

The review is here.
And from the text:



While there  are problems with both the data collection and presentation of this review, it is, nonetheless, informative. On the plus side, in Africa ECT seems to be recognized as important, and treatment standards seem to be improving. On the minus side, there is great variability in practice, with much of it being sub-standard.

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